Safety Evaluation of Far-UV-C Irradiation to Epithelial Basal Cells in the Corneal Limbus
Basal cells in the corneal limbus play an important role in the turnover cycle because they are the source of all cells that constitute the corneal epithelium. Ushio, Inc. and a research group from the Division of Ophthalmology Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Japan examined the penetration depth of ultraviolet (UV) light in the corneal limbus and assessed the safety of Far-UV-C on stem cells in the basal area of the corneal limbus.
Rats were irradiated with UV at peaks of 207, 222, 235, 254, and 311 nm while under anesthesia. The UV penetration depth in the rat corneal limbal epithelium was wavelength dependent: 311 nm UV-B and 254 nm UV-C reached the basal cells of the epithelium, and 235 nm radiation reached the middle area; however, 207 and 222 nm UV-C reached only the superficial layer of the epithelium.
Porcine cornea, which is similar to the human eye in size and structure, were irradiated with 222 and 254 nm UV-C. As in rats, 222 nm UV-C reached only the superficial layer of the porcine corneal limbal epithelium.
These results indicate that Far-UV-C, such as radiation of wavelengths of 207 and 222 nm, could not reach corneal epithelial stem cells, i.e., the cells remained intact. It is unlikely that the turnover of the corneal epithelium is obstructed or disrupted by exposure to Far-UV-C.
